|
The nucleus accumbens (NAc or NAcc), also known as the accumbens nucleus or as the ''nucleus accumbens septi'' (Latin for ''nucleus adjacent to the septum'') is a region in the basal forebrain rostral to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus.〔 Carlson, Neil R. Physiology of Behavior. 11th ed. Boston: Pearson, 2013. Print.〕 The nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle collectively form the ventral striatum, which is part of the basal ganglia.〔(Nucleus Accumbens )〕 Each cerebral hemisphere has its own nucleus accumbens, which can be divided into two structures: the nucleus accumbens core and the nucleus accumbens shell. These substructures have different morphology and functions. Different NAcc subregions (core vs shell) and neuron subpopulations within each region (D1-type vs D2-type medium spiny neurons) are responsible for different cognitive functions.〔〔 As a whole, the nucleus accumbens has a significant role in the cognitive processing of aversion, motivation, pleasure, reward and reinforcement learning;〔〔 hence, it has a significant role in addiction.〔 〕〔 〕 It plays a lesser role in processing fear (a form of aversion), impulsivity, and the placebo effect. It is involved in the encoding of new motor programs as well.〔 ==Structure== The nucleus accumbens is an aggregate of neurons which is described as having an outer shell and an inner core.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nucleus accumbens」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|